From eff690198a70a60f33a00455ef6c51ac58415677 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Abastro <abab9579@gmail.com>
Date: Sun, 30 Mar 2025 00:03:39 +0900
Subject: [PATCH] Fast polynomial evaluation

---
 app/Main.hs                   |  31 +++++++--
 mathematical-algorithms.cabal |   1 +
 src/Poly.hs                   |   3 +
 src/PolyFast.hs               | 114 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 4 files changed, 143 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 src/PolyFast.hs

diff --git a/app/Main.hs b/app/Main.hs
index a25aded..2055a86 100644
--- a/app/Main.hs
+++ b/app/Main.hs
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import Poly
 import System.Random
 import System.TimeIt
 import Control.Monad
+import PolyFast
 
 main :: IO ()
 main = do
@@ -16,13 +17,21 @@ main = do
     putStrLn $ "Naive f * g: " <> show (f * g)
     putStrLn $ "Karatsuba f * g: " <> show (normalize $ karatsubaMult f g)
 
-
   putStrLn ""
-  experimentFor 250
-  experimentFor 500
-  experimentFor 1000
-  karatsubaFor 2000
-  karatsubaFor 4000
+  -- experimentFor 250
+  -- experimentFor 500
+  -- experimentFor 1000
+  -- karatsubaFor 2000
+  -- karatsubaFor 4000
+
+  fastKaratsubaFor 512
+  fastKaratsubaFor 1024
+  fastKaratsubaFor 2048
+  fastKaratsubaFor 4096
+  fastKaratsubaFor 8192
+  fastKaratsubaFor 16384
+  fastKaratsubaFor 32768
+  fastKaratsubaFor 65536
   where
     experimentFor n = do
       setStdGen $ mkStdGen 10
@@ -45,3 +54,13 @@ main = do
       putStrLn "Karatsuba:"
       _ <- timeIt $ evaluate (karatsubaMult f g)
       putStrLn "Finished"
+
+    fastKaratsubaFor n = do
+      setStdGen $ mkStdGen 10
+      let randomPoly size = makePoly <$> replicateM size (randomRIO (-100, 100))
+      putStrLn $ "Size " <> show n
+      f :: Poly Int <- randomPoly n
+      g :: Poly Int <- randomPoly n
+      putStrLn "Fast Karatsuba:"
+      _ <- timeIt $ evaluate (karatsuba 0 (+) (-) (*) (unwrapPoly f) (unwrapPoly g))
+      putStrLn "Finished"
diff --git a/mathematical-algorithms.cabal b/mathematical-algorithms.cabal
index e3474cf..171dc3f 100644
--- a/mathematical-algorithms.cabal
+++ b/mathematical-algorithms.cabal
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@ library
     import:           warnings, deps
     exposed-modules:
         Poly
+        PolyFast
     hs-source-dirs:   src
     default-language: GHC2021
 
diff --git a/src/Poly.hs b/src/Poly.hs
index 4214554..d7f060c 100644
--- a/src/Poly.hs
+++ b/src/Poly.hs
@@ -22,6 +22,9 @@ vecZipPad0With f xs ys = V.generate (max (V.length xs) (V.length ys)) $
 newtype Poly a = Poly (V.Vector a)
   deriving (Eq)
 
+unwrapPoly :: Poly a -> V.Vector a
+unwrapPoly (Poly v) = v
+
 makePoly :: (V.Unbox a) => [a] -> Poly a
 makePoly = Poly . V.fromList
 
diff --git a/src/PolyFast.hs b/src/PolyFast.hs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e7ee280
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/PolyFast.hs
@@ -0,0 +1,114 @@
+module PolyFast where
+
+import Control.Monad
+import Control.Monad.ST
+import Data.Bits
+import Data.List
+import Data.Vector.Generic qualified as G
+import Data.Vector.Generic.Mutable qualified as MG
+import GHC.Base
+
+plusPoly ::
+  (G.Vector v a) =>
+  (a -> a -> a) ->
+  v a ->
+  v a ->
+  v a
+plusPoly add xs ys = runST $ do
+  let lenXs = G.length xs
+      lenYs = G.length ys
+      lenMn = lenXs `min` lenYs
+      lenMx = lenXs `max` lenYs
+
+  zs <- MG.unsafeNew lenMx
+  forM_ [0 .. lenMn - 1] $ \i ->
+    MG.unsafeWrite zs i (add (G.unsafeIndex xs i) (G.unsafeIndex ys i))
+  G.unsafeCopy
+    (MG.unsafeSlice lenMn (lenMx - lenMn) zs)
+    (G.unsafeSlice lenMn (lenMx - lenMn) (if lenXs <= lenYs then ys else xs))
+
+  G.unsafeFreeze zs
+{-# INLINEABLE plusPoly #-}
+
+karatsubaThreshold :: Int
+karatsubaThreshold = 32
+
+karatsuba ::
+  (G.Vector v a) =>
+  a ->
+  (a -> a -> a) ->
+  (a -> a -> a) ->
+  (a -> a -> a) ->
+  v a ->
+  v a ->
+  v a
+karatsuba zer add sub mul = go
+  where
+    conv = inline convolution zer add mul
+    go xs ys
+      | lenXs <= karatsubaThreshold || lenYs <= karatsubaThreshold =
+          conv xs ys
+      | otherwise = runST $ do
+          zs <- MG.unsafeNew lenZs
+          forM_ [0 .. lenZs - 1] $ \k -> do
+            let z0 =
+                  if k < G.length zs0
+                    then G.unsafeIndex zs0 k
+                    else zer
+                z11 =
+                  if k - m >= 0 && k - m < G.length zs11
+                    then G.unsafeIndex zs11 (k - m)
+                    else zer
+                z10 =
+                  if k - m >= 0 && k - m < G.length zs0
+                    then G.unsafeIndex zs0 (k - m)
+                    else zer
+                z12 =
+                  if k - m >= 0 && k - m < G.length zs2
+                    then G.unsafeIndex zs2 (k - m)
+                    else zer
+                z2 =
+                  if k - 2 * m >= 0 && k - 2 * m < G.length zs2
+                    then G.unsafeIndex zs2 (k - 2 * m)
+                    else zer
+            MG.unsafeWrite zs k (z0 `add` (z11 `sub` (z10 `add` z12)) `add` z2)
+          G.unsafeFreeze zs
+      where
+        lenXs = G.length xs
+        lenYs = G.length ys
+        lenZs = lenXs + lenYs - 1
+
+        m = ((lenXs `min` lenYs) + 1) `shiftR` 1
+
+        xs0 = G.slice 0 m xs
+        xs1 = G.slice m (lenXs - m) xs
+        ys0 = G.slice 0 m ys
+        ys1 = G.slice m (lenYs - m) ys
+
+        xs01 = plusPoly add xs0 xs1
+        ys01 = plusPoly add ys0 ys1
+        zs0 = go xs0 ys0
+        zs2 = go xs1 ys1
+        zs11 = go xs01 ys01
+{-# INLINEABLE karatsuba #-}
+
+convolution ::
+  (G.Vector v a) =>
+  a ->
+  (a -> a -> a) ->
+  (a -> a -> a) ->
+  v a ->
+  v a ->
+  v a
+convolution zer add mul = \xs ys ->
+  let lenXs = G.length xs
+      lenYs = G.length ys
+      lenZs = lenXs + lenYs - 1
+   in if lenXs == 0 || lenYs == 0
+        then G.empty
+        else G.generate lenZs $ \k ->
+          foldl'
+            (\acc i -> acc `add` mul (G.unsafeIndex xs i) (G.unsafeIndex ys (k - i)))
+            zer
+            [max (k - lenYs + 1) 0 .. min k (lenXs - 1)]
+{-# INLINEABLE convolution #-}